Why this theme matters
Nature may mean physical cosmos, living world, human nature, or a normative standard of what ought to be. Presocratics, Daoists, Stoics, and modern environmental thinkers share the word while disagreeing about its force.
In the history of philosophy
From Greek physis and Chinese ziran to Rousseau’s state of nature and contemporary ecology, the theme links metaphysics, ethics, and politics.
Thinkers in this collection
Heraclitus , Lucretius , Baruch Spinoza , Thomas Hobbes , Immanuel Kant , Arthur Schopenhauer , Henry David Thoreau , Ludwig Wittgenstein
Frequently asked questions
What do philosophers mean by nature?
They may mean the physical world, human dispositions, or a standard of right order—contexts decide which sense is in play.
Is living according to nature a Stoic idea?
Yes. Stoicism treats living in agreement with nature—as rational and social—as the ethical end, though “nature” is richly defined.
Where are philosophy quotes about nature?
This theme page gathers verified English passages on cosmos, life, and natural order.