Overview
Moses ben Maimon (1138–1204), known as Maimonides or Rambam, fled Almohad persecution from Córdoba to Fez and finally to Egypt, where he served as a communal leader and court physician. He codified Jewish law in the Mishneh Torah and wrote the Guide of the Perplexed for readers torn between Torah and Aristotelian science. His Eight Chapters adapt Greek virtue ethics to a Jewish frame.
Main ideas
God is known chiefly by negation: affirmative attributes risk corporealizing the divine. The Law aims at the welfare of body and soul; intellectual perfection measures nearness to God. Prophecy is an overflow through the Active Intellect to reason and imagination. Moral virtue is a mean between extremes, cultivated by habit under divine commandment.
Major works
- Guide of the Perplexed
- Mishneh Torah
- Eight Chapters
- Commentary on the Mishnah
Legacy
He became the central medieval Jewish philosopher and influenced Latin scholastics including Aquinas. Later Jewish thought continually renegotiates his balance of reason and revelation; popular misattributions (such as Talmudic sayings) must be separated from his own texts.
Themes in this archive
God (2) · Truth (1) · Power (1) · Virtue (1) · Faith (1)